50 Questions on The Byzantine Empire

  1. What was the capital city of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Constantinople
  2. Who was the first Christian Roman Emperor and the founder of Constantinople?
    • Constantine
  3. What was the official language of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Greek
  4. What was the name of the law code created under Emperor Justinian I that influenced later legal systems?
    • Justinian Code
  5. What is the term for the religious split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church?
    • Schism
  6. Who was the Byzantine scholar known for his encyclopedic work “Historia Naturalis”?
    • Pliny
  7. What was the name of the fortified walls that protected Constantinople from invasions?
    • Theodosian Walls
  8. What was the name of the Byzantine secret weapon, a combustible mixture used in warfare?
    • Greek Fire
  9. Which emperor ordered the construction of the Hagia Sophia, a famous Byzantine cathedral?
    • Justinian I
  10. What is the term for the ruler of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Emperor
  11. Who was the Byzantine general who became emperor and reconquered former Western Roman territories?
    • Belisarius
  12. What was the iconoclast controversy in the Byzantine Empire centered around?
    • Religious icons
  13. What was the theme system in the Byzantine Empire used for?
    • Provincial administration
  14. Who was the last Byzantine Emperor who died during the fall of Constantinople in 1453?
    • Constantine XI
  15. What term describes the period of Byzantine history marked by cultural flourishing and scholarly activity?
    • Byzantine Renaissance
  16. What is the term for a religious image, often a portrait of a saint, used in Byzantine Christianity?
    • Icon
  17. What famous Byzantine scholar is known for his works on mathematics, “Elements,” and “Elements of Music”?
    • Euclid
  18. What was the name of the plague that ravaged the Byzantine Empire in the 6th and 7th centuries?
    • Justinian Plague
  19. What is the term for the division of the Byzantine Empire into smaller administrative regions?
    • Themes
  20. Which Byzantine Emperor is known for his construction of the Theodosian Walls to protect Constantinople?
    • Theodosius II
  21. What is the term for the Eastern Roman Empire, which continued after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
    • Byzantine Empire
  22. What was the official religion of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Christianity (Eastern Orthodox)
  23. What was the name of the Byzantine Emperor who ordered the construction of the Hagia Sophia?
    • Justinian I
  24. What is the term for the elite Byzantine troops who served as the emperor’s bodyguards?
    • Varangian Guard
  25. Who was the Byzantine historian known for his work “The Secret History”?
    • Procopius
  26. What is the term for the council held in 787 to address the use of religious icons in the Byzantine Church?
    • Second Council of Nicaea
  27. What was the term for the official state church of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Eastern Orthodox Church
  28. What Byzantine general was known for his successful campaigns against the Sassanid Empire and the Avars?
    • Heraclius
  29. What was the name of the Byzantine military unit composed of foreign warriors, often Scandinavians?
    • Varangian Guard
  30. What was the name of the theological controversy in the Byzantine Empire over the nature of Christ?
    • Monophysitism
  31. What is the term for the period of Byzantine history characterized by the decline of the empire?
    • Byzantine Decline
  32. Who was the Byzantine Emperor who authored the Corpus Juris Civilis, a collection of Roman laws?
    • Justinian I
  33. What was the term for the Byzantine emperors who ruled the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
    • Eastern Roman Emperors
  34. What is the term for the Eastern Orthodox liturgical language of the Byzantine Church?
    • Church Slavonic
  35. What is the term for the powerful Byzantine officials who served as civil administrators and tax collectors?
    • Logothetes
  36. What was the Byzantine system of land ownership and taxation that led to the decline of small landholders?
    • Pronoia
  37. What is the term for the eastern part of the Roman Empire that continued after the western part’s fall?
    • Eastern Roman Empire
  38. Who was the Byzantine Emperor who ruled from 527 to 565 and initiated the Corpus Juris Civilis?
    • Justinian I
  39. What is the term for the high-ranking Byzantine official responsible for the emperor’s finances?
    • Logothete
  40. What was the name of the fortress city in Anatolia that became the last stronghold of the Byzantine Empire?
    • Trebizond
  41. What is the term for the schism between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church?
    • East-West Schism
  42. What was the name of the Byzantine Emperor known for his codification of Roman laws?
    • Justinian I
  43. What is the term for the mosaic artwork often found in Byzantine churches?
    • Mosaics
  44. What was the nickname for the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos?
    • Alexios the Great
  45. What is the term for the taxation system in the Byzantine Empire that allowed the state to collect taxes in advance?
    • Pronoia
  46. What was the term for the Byzantine officials responsible for the emperor’s treasury and finances?
    • Logothetes
  47. Who was the Byzantine Emperor responsible for the expansion of the Byzantine Empire in the 10th century?
    • Basil II
  48. What is the term for the practice of using religious images or icons in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
    • Iconography
  49. What was the name of the Byzantine Emperor who codified Roman laws in the Justinian Code?
    • Justinian I
  50. What is the term for the religious split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church?
    • Schism

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